Tissue Culture Australia

Dwarf Baby Tears Plant (Smallest Aquarium Plant) Overview:  The dwarf baby tears plant is a uniquely challenging aquarium plant that has gained popularity among aquarists. For those of you who are unfamiliar with this species, it's important to note how tiny and versatile it can be in the aquatic environment: perfect for nano tanks or as an accent piece on larger aquariums! Dwarf Baby Tears Plant (Hemianthus Callitrichoides Cuba) is rather challenging to keep, but a very good looking aquarium plant. This ground-covering is one of the smallest plants available and one of most wanted by aquarists. The low profile makes them perfect for front planks on nano tanks; they're also great as accents in other more sizable setups! Origin: In the summer of 1996 at Tropica's headquarters in Las Pozas, Holger Windelov noticed a small plant that had been growing near his office for some time. After investigating further he discovered it was one of two new species called Hemianthus callitrichoides. Being surrounded by large stones and a water level of about 50 cm high made this discovery quite an adventure! In response to the wet and humid conditions, Hemianthus Callitrichoides Cuba forms thick green glades which provide a sense of security in this otherwise dangerous habitat. The water flow is strong during rain seasons but these plants are resistant to it up until they reach 1 meter deep into their environment. Since 2003, this plant has been a favourite among hobbyists who want to create naturalistic aquascapes that appeal to their inner fish. Specification: The Hemianthus callitrichoides are miniature copies of that of the more common hemiantus micranthemioe. They form small glades about 3-6 cm high, differing from their counterpart in smaller leaves and shorter stems. Difficulties in keeping The Hemianthus callitrichoides «Cuba» plant is challenging to keep, but if you are willing to put in the time and effort it will be worth your while. The high demand for minerals makes them a bad choice for beginner aquarists because they have a hard time keeping up with such an extensive list of needs.  These plants require small-grained substrate as well as strong lighting from artificial CO2 supply that must also include fertilization during its growth cycle. In order to ensure that your dwarf baby tears plants are not crowded out by the neighbouring fast-growing plant, it is important for you to trim and thin them regularly. Care The plant, which is tolerant to the condition of little or no light and can still grow successfully in these conditions, will instead elongate at such a lack. If there's never any sun whatsoever then it won't even develop anymore until you have bright lighting again--even if that means having some extra lamps on for now! The stronger your lights are, the thicker their carpet becomes; with stems tightly wrapped around each other when they're under strong illumination. This plant has its own requirements as far as fertilization goes: especially ferrum content in water needs to be considered because without enough fertilizer leaves become pale and small due to high demand by this particular species. That’s why iron-containing liquid fertilizers should always be used precisely Dwarf baby tears plants are remarkable for their ability to quickly restore colour after being submerged in water. This makes it an excellent indicator of the iron content within a tank's surface, as well!  With optimal conditions such as CO2 supply and an ideal temperature between 20-28°C, this plant can be grown without much difficulty--though if you don't have these luxuries then just adding them into your aquarium is enough to enjoy them at its full potential FAQ Can Hemianthus Callitrichoides Cuba live without CO2? CO2 is paramount to HCC success - even though this plant-primarily thrives on elevated carbon dioxide levels, these few sensitive ones also serve as excellent living indicators by changing their growth pattern depending on what kind of care they need: more sparsely spaced leaves growing higher up from the ground

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Micranthemum tweediei 'Monte Carlo' comes from Argentina. It has compact, round and fresh light green leaves on creeping stalks and creates a fast-growing carpet in the front of the aquarium. The plant can grow in light shadow, but requires good light conditions, as well as CO2 additive, in order to develop optimally and become really compact. Plant info Type: Carpeting Origin: South America Growth rate: Medium Height: 3 - 5+cm Light demand: Medium CO2 : Medium Reference: Tropica Website

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Eleocharis Belem known also as Japanese Dwarf Hair Grass, produces some of the smallest leaves from the Cyperaceae family. It is commonly used as a foreground plant needing minimal trimming. It uses runners to propagate. With a fertilized substrate and sufficient lighting, a dense carpet will be formed in a matter of weeks. Perfect plant for nano and small tanks. CO2 supplementation of 5mg/L and above for optimal growth.Family: CyperaceaeOrigin: CultivatedpH: 5.5 – 8Temperature: 10 – 30° CHeight: 2 cm – 10 cmLighting: Medium to Very High

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Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup. This miniature version of the well-known Alternanthera is characterised by compact growth and a slower growth rate. It is particularly suitable for small aquariums or as a foreground plant in larger aqua scapes. By careful trimming can you create a dense, red-violet carpet approximately 5 to 10 cm high. High light intensity and addition of CO2 improves the plants growth and overall appearance. Plant information Type: Stem Origin: Cultivar Growth rate: Medium Height: 5 - 10+ Light demand: Medium CO2 : Medium Reference: https://tropica.com/en/plants/plantdetails/Alternantherareineckii'Mini'(023CTC)/4439 Please note that Pisces has omitted the 'mini' label in their recent labels. However we are assured these are still the mini variety

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Family: AlismataceaeCommon Name: Chain SwordOrigin and Habitat: Neotropical; reported from areas in Mexico, Central America, West Indies, and South America down to northern Argentina.Ideal position in aquariumA fore-ground and mid-ground plant in large tanks, or background in smaller tanks.Lighting requirementsModerate; under brighter light the leaves will be smaller [see additional comments under Physical Description].Growth rateMediumMinimum Tank SuggestionN/AWater parameters for Chain SwordSoft to moderately hard (4 to 15 dGH), acidic to basic (pH up to 7.5), temperature 22-30C/72-86F.

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Glossostigma elatinoides from New Zealand is much in demand in Japanese-inspired aquariums. It is one of the smallest aquarium plants (2-3 cm tall), and thus a good foreground plant. A difficult plant demanding a lot of light. Grows upwards if light is poor. Make sure larger plants do not overshadow it. When planting in the aquarium small clumps (approx. 1/8 pot) should be placed at intervals of a few centimetres to help the plants grow together more quickly. CO2 addition and soft water promote growth significantly. Type: Carpeting Origin: Australia Growth rate: High Height: 3 - 5+ Light demand: High CO2 : High Reference: Tropica

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Micranthemum umbrosum is native to most southeastern US states, from Texas to Florida and Virginia, where it grows in ponds, ditches and rivulets, in many areas it is emersed in summer and submersed in winter. It is also found in parts of Central and South America. The Shade mudflower may be known in the hobby for quite some time, but has gained popularity recently since aquaria that meet this plant's requirements have become more common.   Sometimes M. umbrosum has difficulties adapting to a new environment, but once acclimated it is not a very demanding plant, apart from its hunger for light. A relatively strong lighting of at least 0.5 W/L is required for good growth. A lack of light results in the plant throwing off its lower leaves, or in holey leaves. At the same time, the stems become brittle and tends to break, so small pieces of the plant drift to the surface where light is more intensive. This plant may be cultivated without additional CO2 injection, however, its growth rate decreases significantly, and the leaves grow smaller.   If the basic requirements of M. umbrosum are met, it is really easy to propagate. Just cut off a main shoot somewhere on the stem and re-plant it in the substrate, it will grow new roots very quickly and form a stand-alone plant after a very short time. M. umbrosum tends to throw a large number of new lateral shoots, which develop in the leaf axils some centimetres below the top of a main shoot. If you cut back the plant you can further this development even more, and by frequent trimming you can create rather dense plant mats. Emersed cultivation can further the growth rate even more, however, very moist air and a wet substrate are necessary for that. If these requirements are met, the plant grows quite profusely, and in its leaf axils, tiny white flowers develop, which look a lot like those of Hemianthus species.   M. umbrosum is usually planted in the middle- or background of an aquascape. Extremely strong lighting may induce it to grow rather flattish and creeping, then it can also be used in the foreground of the aquarium.

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Type: Stem Origin: South America Growth rate: Medium Height: 3 - 10+cm Light demand: Low CO2 : Low

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Riccia fluitans, whose common name is floating crystalwort,[1] is an aquatic floating plant of the liverwort genus Riccia which is popular among aquarists as a retreat for young fry and is used in live-bearing tanks. It can be found floating in ponds, and often forms thick mats on and under the water surface. It normally grows quickly at the surface. When kept about two to three inches below an ordinary fluorescent bulb or in a pond exposed to full sunlight, it will form dense, bright green mats. Any single branch or antler bud can reproduce into a large colony if the plant is kept in proper conditions. It normally floats, but can also be attached to underwater objects such as logs and rocks. It can be attached with plastic mesh. Floating riccia is generally not compatible with duckweeds, as they cover the surface of the water quite rapidly, crowding the Riccia out. It is also easily overtaken by hair algae. The species epithet fluitans is Latin for floating. Referene:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riccia_fluitans

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Brazilian Pennywort (Hydrocotyle leucocephala) is a popular stem plant that grows quickly along with runners. Its vibrant green leaves are colored brightly with red and yellow stripes. It also has a similar cousin named Hydrocotyle Verticillata. Hydrocotyle leucocephala is a popular aquarium plant in Asia and is considered an edible plant. It can multiply quickly in the aquarium by planting directly in the substrate or as floating plants. Hydrocotyle leucocephala is an easy-to-grow foreground plant that can be used in the foreground, midground, and background of a tank. It grows best with moderate to high lighting and CO2 injection. By trimming new growth on a regular basis and keeping these plants under control, they can be kept low growing and used to carpet the foreground of your aquarium. Propagate your Hydrocotyle Leucocephala by trimming stems and replanting by pulling apart dense clumps and splitting the roots. The new shoots can be trimmed anywhere along the stem, which allows the plant to grow thicker and more compact. In ideal conditions, the shelf life of Hydrocotyle leucocephala is approximately 4 weeks. Basic care instructions: Do not remove the lid or contamination will occur Keep in well-lit area Storage temperate should not exceed 30°C

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Ludwigia glandulosa from North America is a very beautiful water plant. It is slow growing and requires CO2 addition to grow well. Stems becomes 15-40 cm tall and 5-12 cm wide. The leaves turn greener and the lower ones may fall off if sufficient light is not provided. Used to be sold as Ludwigia perennis. Plant info Type: Stem Origin: North America Growth rate: Medium Height: 15 - 30+cm Light demand: Medium CO2 : Medium

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Synonym: Anubias nana Engler Dwarf, creeping, with heart-shaped leaves Leaf-stem: up to 5 cm long Leaves: up to 6 cm long and 3 cm wide Height in aquarium: 5 – 10 cm Optimal conditions: Temperature: 22 - 27 °C pH: 5.5 - 9.0 Water hardness: 3 - 10 dGH Position in aquarium: front Usual growth rate: one leaf every month

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Lobelia cardinalis grows wild in Northern America. In the nursery this plant is cultivated in marshy conditions, forming dark-green leaves which are purple underneath. In aquariums the leaves turn a beautiful shade of light-green, with stems 10-30 cm tall and 5-10 cm wide. Widely used in Dutch aquariums in so-called "plant streets''. In open aquariums it grows above the water surface, where it forms very beautiful scarlet flowers and the leaves regain their colour. Can be used in garden ponds Plant info Type: Stem Origin: North America Growth rate: Medium Height: 20 - 30+ Light demand: Low CO2 : Low Reference: https://tropica.com/en/plants/plantdetails/4494/4494

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Anubias Pinto, also known as Anubias Marbled White or White is a variant of the commonly seen Anubias species. Its extremely unique colouring was derived from the normal green Anubias population through the use of very particular selection. Each leaf slightly differs and the amount of the marbled effect present will vary. This specific variant of the Anubias plant is also slow growing but requires more light than its other Anubias counterparts in order to thrive. Similar in size to Anubias Nana Petite, Pinto makes for an uncommon but unique addition to any planted aquarium from nano tanks to larger standard sized tanks. Their interesting coloration provides a wonderful contrast and pop of colour against darker aquascaping stones, aquarium driftwood and other aquatic plants. Since this is a tissue culture stock it means there are no risk of introduction of algae or snails

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Plant info Type: Stem Origin: Cultivar Growth rate: High Height: 3 - 10+ Light demand: Low CO2 : Low This plant has been used as a medicine for humans but in the fish tank it can be kept within the aquarium or as an immersed plant The plant itself has a pleasant smell and has nice blue flowers during spring. This is also the Tissue Cultured variety and due to that there are no issues with algae or snail introductions

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Plant info Type: Rosulate Origin: Asia Growth rate: Slow Height: 20 - 30+ Light demand: Medium CO2 : Medium Cyperus spp are widespread in tropical areas with only a few species found submersed. Cyperus helferi originated from Thailand. Growing to around 20-35cm tall and with it's rosets growing to 15-25cm wide they look awesome in any tank. However please note that they do require high amount of Light and CO2 injection is recommended to promote good growth. This is such an underrated plant and by having it in Tissue Culture it provides the best addition as it won't introduce algae or pest snails.

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The Latin name means "the plant with the round leaves''. But this only applies to the marsh variety, which has circular leaves. Rotala rotundifolia from South-East Asia has long, thin leaves and 15-30 long stems, 2-3 cm wide including the leaves. Unlike other Rotala species it is relatively undemanding, although it needs good light to produce red leaves. It forms side shoots willingly, becoming compact and bushy. This also means that it is hard for light to reach the lower leaves, so the plant should be pruned frequently Type: Stem Origin: Asia Growth rate: Medium Height: 15 - 30+cm Light demand: Low CO2 : Low

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Anubias Gabon is another species in the Anubias family. Like other Anubias it can grow in a multitude of environments varying from aquariums to terrariums. Its stems are slightly longer when compared to Anubias Nana but the overall shape and characteristics are similar. This plant is suitable as a midground and background choice in a planted aquarium tank. This variant is a flowering plant that grows best when the rhizome is attached to a hard surface such as wood or stone. It benefits from consistent fertilization but light requirements are minimal as its leaves are susceptible to algae growth when placed under high lighting. CO2 is optional but can promote faster growth and robust leaves when used.  Common Name Anubias Gabon Care Easy Lighting Low CO2 Optional Suggested Placement Attach to wood or stone Propagation Separate rhizome Growth Rate Slow Leaf Size 3" Tissue culture plants are grown in-vitro by laboratories who specialize in propagating aquatic plants. There is a huge selection of plant species that have been propagated this way. This is truly the best option for those who want absolutely zero unwanted pests, algae and pesticides. This makes them perfect for shrimp keepers and any planted tank enthusiasts alike.

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Common Name: Anubias Hastifolia Anubias Hastifolia is a unique variant of Anubias which can be distinguished by the arrowhead-shaped leaves.  Like other Anubias it can grow in both aquariums and terrariums either submerged or emersed.  It has slightly longer stems compared to smaller variants such as Anubias Nana or Congensis which makes it suitable for the midground or background of an aquarium. Like other Anubias, this variant is a flowering plant that grows best when the rhizome is attached to a hard surface such as wood or stones.  They have low to medium light requirements and can benefit from regular fertilization. CO2 is not necessary but can promote faster growth and more robust leaves. Since its a slow grower, the leaves are susceptible to algae growth if placed under high lighting.    Propagation is easy and straightforward; simply cut or pull apart rhizomes to be replanted. Make sure to keep the rhizomes above your substrate or the plant can begin to rot.   Notes: Anubias are strong plants that can thrive in a variety of environments. These epiphytes can be planted into substrate or attached to hardscape. Do not make drastic changes to the aquarium. Unstable parameters will result in melt and rotting of the aquarium plant. Please be sure to remove this plant from its pot. For instructions on how to properly prep aquarium plants, click here. CO2 injection and quality aquarium soil will yield better growth. Please research appropriately to ensure your plant thrives. Family Name: Araceae Origin: West Africa Height: 6-16" pH: 6-7.5 Care: Easy Light: Low Co2: Not necessary Propagation: Separate by rhizome Growth rate: Slow to moderate

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Cryptocoryne Parva is one of the smallest species of Crypts.  It has green, grass-like leaves which can grow up to 4” tall, making it a suitable foreground and mid ground plant. Compared to other Crypts, it has a very slow rate of growth and can require more light. Cryptocoryne Parva is extremely slow growing and will require patience to achieve lush growth!      Notes: Cryptocoryne prefer not to be moved once planted. If possible, do not move them! Do not make drastic changes to the aquarium. Unstable parameters will result in melt and rotting of the aquarium plant. Please be sure to remove this plant from its pot. Remove the cotton surrounding the roots and plant into a quality substrate. For instructions on how to properly plant "potted" aquarium plants CO2 injection and quality aquarium soil will yield better growth. Please research appropriately to ensure your plant thrives. Family Name: Araceae Origin: Sri Lanka Height: 2-4”” pH: 6-7.5 Care: Easy Light: Low Co2: Not Required Propagation: Separate by Rhizome Growth rate: Slow to Moderate

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Filigree Milfoil – Myriophyllum Simulans is a popular background plant with soft bristles emanating from its stem. Will grow in low lit aquariums but to achieve optimum results plant in high lit areas. This will bring out dense lush green leaves. Planting  the stems closely together will result in dead leaves toward the lower areas. Propagate by clipping of the top half & above of the stem and replanting or by side shoots. Likes slightly harder water. Filigree Milfoil Information; Family: Haloragaceae Origin: Central/South America pH:  6 – 8 Temperature: 18 – 28° C Height: 20 cm – 60 cm Lighting: Low to Medium

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Lysimachia nummularia or Creeping Jenny is a vigorous, creeping, prostrate perennial with rounded green leaves and stems. It is ideal for boggy areas or alternatively if used as a ground cover can take some light foot traffic. When planted in borders it is usually chosen as an accent plant, but beware, because it can spread rapidly and crowd out other plants. It is also suitable for a bog garden or as an aquatic marginal plant. The cultivar Aurea (golden creeping Jenny) has yellow leaves, and is less aggressive than the species and has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Soil: Moist, slightly acidic soils with plenty of organic matter. Maintenance: Propogate by seed or division. Diseases: None of note. Other Species: 150 species in the genus including the upright Lysimachia vulgaris with lovely yellow flowers. Comments: Circular foliage looks like coins - hence its name of Moneywort.

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Bacopa Amplexicaulis; Family: Plantaginaceae Origin: North America pH: 6.0 – 7.8 Temperature: 18 – 28° C Height: 10 – 40cm Lighting: Low to Very High

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Being a perennial herb they can grow immersed or submersed. The stems grow to around 20-70cm long and the stems creep along the ground and will also send area shoots as well. The plant is harvested from the wild as a medicinal herb and occasionally used as a supplement in its native New Guinea. Range East Asia - China, Indian subcontinent, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Indonesia, Philippines, Australia Habitat Grassy ravines, forests by the water; from near sea level to elevations of 1,700 metres. In wet places, along streams, in low and medium elevations in the Philippines Habit PerennialHeight 0.50 mCultivation Status Cultivated, Wild In the aquarium these are grown as a tissue culture and as such there won't be any introduction of algae or unwanted snails.

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The Latin name means "the plant with the round leaves''. But this only applies to the marsh variety, which has circular leaves. Rotala rotundifolia from South-East Asia has long, thin leaves and 15-30 long stems, 2-3 cm wide including the leaves. Unlike other Rotala species it is relatively undemanding, although it needs good light to produce red leaves. It forms side shoots willingly, becoming compact and bushy. This also means that it is hard for light to reach the lower leaves, so the plant should be pruned frequently Type: Stem Origin: Asia Growth rate: Medium Height: 15 - 30+cm Light demand: Low CO2 : Low   Sold 5 stems at around 10cm for easy planting

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Hydrocotyle tripartita is a fast-growing aquatic plant native to Southeast Asia. It has small round leaves that are arranged in three leaflets. This aquatic plant can grow in many different environments, including aquariums and ponds. It has a tendency to spread, making it an ideal choice for ground cover or carpet-like vegetation in the aquarium. It is also known to be a great oxygenator and will help keep the water clean and clear. Hydrocotyle tripartita is an easy to care for plant, requiring only minimal light and regular trimming.

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Category Rating Care Level: Moderate to difficult Temperature: 50°-82° F (10°-28° C) Color Form: Green, gold, red Propagation: Cuttings Size: 4 to 16 inches, pH6.7 Family: Haloragaceae Minimum Tank Size: 10 gallons Placement: Background or midground Lighting: Bright

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Ease of Care: Intermediate Position: Foreground Tissue cultures are in a 5cm container - simply rinse gel and plant. Pisces Enterprises Tissue Culture Plants have been grown in sterile laboratory conditions producing premium quality plants free from algae, pesticides and pests. Sold in food grade plastic pots, our Tissue Culture Plants are grown in a unique nutrient rich agar jelly. Easy to sell, the plants do not require watering and will continue to grow provided they are sealed and have sufficient light. Pisces Tissue Culture Plants will grow in fresh water aquariums, aquascapes and terrariums. Because of the wonderful qualities of these plants, they have grown, and continue to grow in popularity with Australian hobbyists. In ideal conditions, shelf life will be approximately 4 weeks. Basic care instructions: Do not remove lid or contamination will occur Keep in well lit area Storage temperate should not exceed 30°C

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Aquarists in Thailand, close to the border with Burma, discovered this plant. It is called 'Downoi' (little star) in Thailand, and it is easy to see why (5-10 cm tall and wide). Pogostemon helferi is an unusual and distinctive aquatic plant with a compact habit, curly leaves and a strikingly beautiful green colour. With good light conditions and a nutrient-rich substrate, Pogostemon helferi forms many side shoots that develop small roots, and the plant rapidly forms an impressive carpet of foreground vegetation. Plant info Type: Stem Origin: Asia Growth rate: Medium Height: 3 - 10+ Light demand: Medium CO2 : Medium

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This delicate, very small-leaved stem plant is a selection of Rotala macrandra. It is also known as Rotala sp. 'Pearl'. It resembles Rotala macrandra 'Mini Type 2' but differs by shorter leaves curved downward. Strong lighting and good CO2 and nutrient supply are recommendable. It?s best placed as group in the foreground or mid ground, especially in nano tanks. Please note:As well as Rotala macrandra 'Mini Type 2', 'Pearl' is likely a mutant of Rotala macrandra 'Green'. It occasionally develops shoots that look like the wild type form of 'Green', with larger leaves and growing considerably faster. They should be cut off as soon as they emerge in order to preserve the typical 'Pearl' form. Also for propagation by cuttings, only shoots with the typical small leaves should be selected. This dwarfish Rotala macrandra selection looks best as a group in the foreground or mid ground, especially in nano aquariums. Synonyms Rotala sp. 'Pearl' Complete botanical name Rotála macrándra Koehne Family Lythraceae Genus Rotala Difficulty medium Usage Midground, Nano tanks pH value 4 - 7 Temperature tolerance 18 - 30°C Carbonate hardness 0 - 12°dKH General hardness 0 - 30°dGH Propagation Cuttings Can grow emersed? yes

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SMALL 1909 Common Names: Amazon swordDivision: MagnoliophytaClass: LiliopsidaOrder: AlismatalesFamily: AlismataceaeNative Distribution: Central and South AmericaAquarium Placement: BackgroundRequirements: Adaptable to a wide range of conditions Description:The Amazon sword has been widely used in the aquarium hobby for decades. Until recently, “Amazon sword” was the common name for a few larger Echinodorus species found in or near the Amazon River Basin, specifically E. amazonicus and E. bleherae. However, based on DNA testing done in 2008, those former species are now considered to be synonymous with E. grisebachii. For more data on that, refer to Kew Bulletin Vol. 63: 525–563 (2008). Amazon sword species can vary greatly in appearance and the conditions in which they grow. They can tolerate soft or hard water in a wide range of pH values, and temperature is not overly important, as long as it is kept in a reasonable tropical range. While the two most common Amazon swords have been grouped into a single species, there is still some difference in the conditions tolerated by them and their growth. The former E. amazonicus, for example, prefers softer water and reaches a shorter height of 16 to 20 inches. The variety formerly called E. bleherae, on the other hand, will tolerate hard water and can reach over 20 inches in height and girth. Amazon swords of all kinds prefer a deep substrate of at least 4 inches to accommodate a massive root system. However, this is only needed when the plants will be grown with moderate to high light and supplemented with nutrients. In a low-light tank, the plant will grow very slow and not fully develop such a large root system, although it will still benefit from a supplemental root fertiliser. Use in Aquascaping: Echinodorus grisebachii is best suited to the background of very large aquaria. However, many hobbyists use it as a focal point in the mid ground of the aquascapes. Its large leaves provide good contrast to smaller-leaved plants, which would include the majority of aquatic species. The leaves have a rich green colour and can often exhibit some red/bronze coloration in newly emerging leaves. In some fish-dominated aquaria, where a group of swords may be the only significant plants, Amazon swords have been known to be the preferred breeding spot for certain egg-laying cichlids such as angelfish. The large and wide leaves can provide shelter and even territory for many fish. Perhaps a less publicised use for this plant, yet just as important, is for hiding unsightly aquarium equipment in the aquascapes. Heaters, filter intakes, cords hanging over the edge of the tank, thermometers, etc., can all be effectively concealed by the large and densely leaved sword plant. Propagation: Amazon swords can be propagated by splitting a large plant into smaller plants by removing it from the substrate and carefully cutting the crown. They also send up submersed stalks, upon which several plantlets will form. These plantlets can be removed after they begin to form roots. If the stalk is left attached to the mother plant, it can produce many baby swords over a long period of time. With high lighting or very humid outdoor conditions, these swords can also be flowered and pollinated with a cotton swab or soft brush. Once the seed matures, it can be harvested and sown to produce new emergent plants Reference: http://www.tfhmagazine.com/details/plant-of-the-month/echinodorus-grisebachii.htm

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Hygrophila Angustifolia, also known as the Willow Hygro, is an undemanding, extremely attractive aquarium plant. It has large stems with narrow leaves that sway in the current like a weeping willow tree. Hygrophila angustifolia grows fast and helps keep aquarium water clean by removing nitrates, making it an ideal choice for the new aquarist. It requires a nutrient-rich substrate, with iron-rich fertiliser added regularly. Provide a moderate amount of lighting of at least 2 to 3 watts per gallon of full spectrum (5000-7000K) light. CO2 fertilisation is also recommended. For Hygrophila Angustifolia to thrive, the water should be kept between 74°-82°F, with an alkalinity of 3 to 8 dKH and a pH of 6.5-7.5. To propagate, plant cuttings that have been removed from the healthy mature plant. Simply remove any leaves from the bottom 1" to 2" of the stem, and new root growth will form from the last node on the stem. Care Level: Easy Colour Form: Green, Yellow Water Conditions: 74-82° F, KH 3-8, pH 6.5-7.5 Max. Size: 1' 8" Family: Acanthaceae Lighting: Moderate Supplements: Trace Elements, CO2 Fertilisation, Iron-Rich Fertiliser, Substrate Fertiliser Placement: Background Propagation: Cuttings

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Grows to an average height of 16 - 20 inches (MID to BACKGROUND) The width of each stem is about 2 to 4 inches, based on leaf growth High lighting (3 - 4 watts/gal) Optimum growth temperature is 71.6 to 82.4 degrees Ammania Senegalensis needs nutrient rich water and substrate to do well in the aquarium. The color is almost an orange red, and propagation is by cuttings, which should be at least 10 inches long. Ammania Senegalensis needs a lot of light to do well. The width of each stem is about 2 to 4 inches, based on leaf growth. The leaf is curved in a downward fashion in an arch. In order to achieve strong shoots the substrate should be nutrient rich and light intensity high. Five to eight strong specimens can be used for the midground area to help accent the shades of green aquarium plants. Ammania Senegalensis does much better in soft water. Can withstand temps from 53.6 to 86 degrees. Optimum growth temperature is 71.6 to 82.4 degrees. Ammania Senegalensis requires high lighting (3 - 4 watts/gal) to do well. If kept in low-light tanks the leaves take on a dirty brown color. Separate each stem and plant individually. This will result in better growth and the lower leaves will still receive some light as the this aquarium plant grows taller.

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Hardiness: Very EasyLight Needs: LowPlant Structure: RosetteFamily: AraceaeGenus: CryptocoryneRegion: AsiaLocation: Sri LankaSize: Height: 12-50cm (5-20in)Growth Rate: MediumCan Be Grown Emersed: Yes

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