Killifish are among the most spectacular freshwater fish in the aquarium hobby, renowned for their intense colours, fascinating behaviours and rarity. At Nano Tanks Australia, our focus is on premium African killifish, particularly species from the Nothobranchius, Fundulopanchax, Aphyosemion and Epiplatys genera. These incredible fish are perfect for aquarists looking to keep something truly unique.

Why You'll Love Killifish

• Some of the most colourful freshwater fish in the world
• Rare and highly sought after by collectors
• Many species are ideal for planted nano aquariums
• Fascinating courtship and breeding behaviour
• Excellent centrepiece fish for species or peaceful community aquariums

Creating the Ideal Home

Tank Size

Most killifish are perfectly suited to aquariums from 20–60 litres. Larger aquariums provide greater water stability, while smaller planted aquariums allow their natural colours and behaviour to shine.

Temperature

Most Aphyosemion, Fundulopanchax and Epiplatys species thrive between 22–25°C. Nothobranchius species generally prefer slightly warmer temperatures of 23–26°C depending on the species.

Water Quality

• Ammonia: 0 ppm
• Nitrite: 0 ppm
• Nitrate: ideally below 20 ppm
• pH: 6.0–7.5

Killifish appreciate mature, stable aquariums with clean water and regular maintenance. Consistency is far more important than chasing exact water parameters.

Filtration

Gentle filtration is recommended. Sponge filters are particularly popular as they provide excellent biological filtration without creating excessive current.

Aquascaping

Heavily planted aquariums with driftwood, leaf litter, floating plants and subdued lighting help replicate their natural habitat. Many species enjoy shaded environments and appreciate dense cover.

Important: Killifish are exceptional jumpers. Every aquarium should have a tight-fitting lid with no escape gaps.

Feeding

Most killifish are enthusiastic micropredators and thrive on a varied, protein-rich diet.

• Live blackworms
• Baby brine shrimp
• Daphnia
• Mosquito larvae
• Frozen bloodworms
• Premium micro pellets (many species adapt well)

Regular live and frozen foods help maximise colouration, health and breeding success.

Suitable Tank Mates

Many killifish are best appreciated in species-only aquariums, but several also do well with peaceful community fish that won't outcompete them during feeding.

• Pygmy Corydoras
• Otocinclus
• Small Rasboras
• Celestial Pearl Danios
• Small Pencilfish
• Peaceful dwarf shrimp (species dependent)

Avoid large, aggressive or fast-feeding fish that may intimidate or outcompete killifish.

Our Featured Killifish Groups

• Nothobranchius – Annual killifish famous for their extraordinary metallic colours and fascinating life cycle.
• Fundulopanchax – Larger, beautifully patterned killifish that make outstanding display fish.
• Aphyosemion – Elegant West African killifish available in an incredible variety of colours and localities.
• Epiplatys – Surface-dwelling "Panchax" killifish with unique hunting behaviour and striking appearance.

Killifish FAQs

Are Killifish suitable for beginners?

Many Aphyosemion, Fundulopanchax and Epiplatys species are suitable for hobbyists with an established aquarium. Some Nothobranchius species are better suited to aquarists interested in breeding annual killifish.

Why do Killifish need a lid?

Almost all killifish are exceptional jumpers. Even very small openings around filters or airline tubing can provide enough space for a fish to escape.

Can Killifish live with shrimp?

Adult shrimp may coexist with some smaller killifish species, but baby shrimp are likely to be eaten. Species-only aquariums are often the safest option if breeding shrimp.

What are annual Killifish?

Annual killifish, such as many Nothobranchius, naturally inhabit temporary pools that dry out seasonally. Their eggs survive the dry period before hatching when the rains return, making them one of the most fascinating fish groups in the hobby.

Are all Killifish annual species?

No. While Nothobranchius are annual killifish, genera such as Aphyosemion, Fundulopanchax and Epiplatys are non-annual species that can live for several years under good care.